一、進行式= "Be"+"Verb ing“
(1 )Present => am is are +"Verb ing“
(2 )Past => was were"+"Verb ing“
(3 )Future => Wil be"+"Verb ing“
What will your mom be doing when you get home tonight ?
(4 ) Present perfect continuous. =>
”have /has been "+"Verb ing“
I have been taken English lessons for 3 years .
It has been raining since early in the morning.
二、PPT&PPCT
PPT表示完成、經驗等过程。
PPCT表示強調長時間持續的(未完成)。
He's been studying for 3hours.
He's studied for 3hours.
三、passive voice(被動語態)
The clock is used to tell time.
時鐘是用來報時的。
I've been bitten by a dog's.
這位老人被送到最近的醫院。
The old man was sent to the nearest hospit
I've been sick for 2 weeks. I might have been sent to the hospital .
PPCT被動語態
Active: My mother baked these cookies.
Passive :These cookies were baked by my mother.
我弄丟了我的鑰匙。 我的鑰匙丟了。
四、modal verbs
Modal 十have p.p (表推測或馬後炮)
If I had the money, I would buy a new ca
如果我有錢，我會買一台新車。[事實上是我沒有錢]
I've been sick for 2 weeks. I might have been sent to the) hospital .
Be supposed to (應該)表對未來某事的期望。
Have got to(=have to )必須，主要被用於口語對話。
Must表示必要性, 但是是很嚴重或很重要的事情, 常被使用於法律或學術相關的句子。
Should/could
Should be是你確定會發生的事比could be發生的機率還要高，用來給予建議或想法。
maybe 跟may be 英文意思上的差別，maybe 連在一起是副詞，表示強調動詞。而may be是情態動詞與Be動詞結構(modal verb +be)
maybe表示「可能」，是一個單字，副詞(adv.)
may be是兩個詞，是may助動詞+ be。就像could be、might be和would be一樣，是同一種結構。它是一個動詞組合。
Jimmy may be sleeping in his room. Jimmy 可能在他的房間睡覺。
Maybe I should go home earlier. 也許我該早點回家。
區別的重點，就看這句話抽掉這個may be/ maybe完不完整。如果完整，那就是用maybe，如果不完整，就是may be。（所謂完整，就是指這句話的主語、謂語有沒有齊全。）
*情態助動詞用於條件句
Would 用在假設if 子句( If ..., would )表示與事實相違。
If I won the lottery, I would buy a house.
如果我中了樂透，我會買一棟房子。
想像中了樂透的未來事件。不太可能發生的假設語氣。
五、If 子句
1. If I study hard, I can pass the exam.
2. If I study hard, I will pass the exam.
3. If I studied hard, I could pass the exam.
4. If I had studied hard, I could have passed the exam.
口訣
If假設語子句是現在或未來式，表示可能發生;若是過去時間或過去完成式則表不可發生(與事実相反之事)。
1.如果我認真讀書，就可以通過考試。
（表示『事實、常理』）
2. If I study hard, I will pass the exam.
如果我認真讀書，就能通過考試。
（表示『我未來將會有考試』）
3. If I studied hard, I could pass the exam.
如果我以前有認真讀書，就能通過現在的考試。
（表示『我過去沒有認真讀書，所以現在沒有通過考試』）
4. If I had studied hard, I could have passed the exam.
如果我以前有認真讀書，就能通過之前的考試。
（表示『我之前沒有認真讀書，所以沒有通過之前的考試』）
六、句型
(1) give / lend 此種動詞有二種連接方式。
V+人+物=V+物+介係詞(for /to )。
Borrow 物 from you
Can you lend me an eraser?= Can you lend an eraser to me?
(2) look forward to +gerund
希望它趕快發生、通常是好事具正面的意義時，就用look forward to 來表達。而且要注意的是，to 在這個片語動詞中是介系詞，後面要接名詞(n.)或動名詞(Ving)。
(3) get /be used to
備註
時態的完整結構有三層。
(時間先後)(區間過程)+(主/被動態)。
Tense: 時態是由「時間」(Time) 與「狀態」(Aspect) 所構成。
格式.
Time Past. Present Future
Simple did does will do
was were. am is are will be
Cont. was were. was were. will be
+Ving. +Ving +Ving
Perfect had. have has will have
+p.p +p.p +p.p
Perfect had been. have has been. will have been
Cont. +Ving +Ving +Ving
註:(未來式涉及完成式者不在國小範圍內)
口訣:
1)時態的完整結構有三層。
時間+區間+動態(狀態未停)=現在/完成/進行式
例. Present Perfect Continuous
I have been wating for 2 hours.
2)結尾
動詞是句子的核心。主動詞一定要依時態改變。
*進行式是Ving結尾。
*完成式是P.P(過去分詞)結尾。
*完成進行式是 been Ving結尾
完成式格式是 have has P.P 結尾 如have eaten.
進行式格式是Be+Verb加ing 結尾如have been eating.
被動語態格式是Be+P.P結尾如have been stolen (by)
Story 12 have been 的用法
have been /have gone都是PPT的構句。
那have been/gone to+place句型是因為place的連接関係。
How long has it been since the last time we met?
(How long …for的用法)
It has been for 5 years.
How many times have you taken an airplane in your life?
(How long do you.V延伸 How long have you P.P)
Has there been a car accident in front of your house
recently?(there be的用法)。
Story 13 Future Continuous when SPT
Will you be sleeping when your dad gets home tonight?
Yes, I will. I'll be sleeping when he gets home tonight
Future Continuous while PCT
Will you be singing while your mom is playing the piano tomorrow?
Yes, I will. I'lI be singing while she's playing the piano tomorrow.
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